Key demographics
- Population
- 22.0M
- Density
- 16.3/km²
- HDI
- 0.419 (Low)
- Gini index (2009)
- 33.0
- Life expectancy (2024)
- 60.7 yrs
- Fertility rate (2024)
- 5.51
- Urban population (2025)
- 32.2%
- Literacy rate (2024)
- 35.6%
- Labor force (2025)
- 68.5%
- Gender wage gap (2023)
- 42.0%
Population structure
- Dependency ratio
- 92.9%
- Profile
- Very Young
- Urban population (2025)
- 32.2%
- Birth rate (2024)
- 39.5 /1000
- Death rate (2024)
- 8.5 /1000
- Largest city (2025)
- 39.2%
- Fertility rate (2024)
- 5.51
- Infant mortality (2024)
- 47.5 /1000
- Slum population (2022)
- 92.5%
- Tourism (2019)
- 217.0K
Languages and culture
| Language | Native name |
|---|---|
| French | français |
| Religion | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Other | 5.0% |
| Ethnicity | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Bambara | 33.3% |
| Fula | 13.3% |
| Soninke | 9.6% |
| Senufo | 9.6% |
| Malinke | 8.8% |
| Dogon | 8.7% |
| Songhai | 5.9% |
| Tuareg | 3.5% |
| Bobo | 2.1% |
| Others | 4.5% |
- Demonym (male)
- Malian
- Demonym (female)
- Malian
- National anthem
- Pour l'Afrique et pour toi
Healthcare
- Life expectancy (2024)
- 60.7 yrs
- HALE (2021)
- 53.6 yrs
- Health spending (2023)
- 3.8% of GDP
- Infant mortality (2024)
- 47.5/1000
- UHC index (2023)
- 41/100
- Hospital beds (2018)
- 0.3/1000
- Physicians (2023)
- 0.19/1000
- Nurses (2023)
- 0.27/1000
- Health spending per capita (2023)
- $34
- Out-of-pocket (2023)
- 47.2%
Education and technology
- Literacy rate (2024)
- 35.6%
- Education spending (2023)
- 4.2% of GDP
- Learning outcomes (2020)
- 307
- Internet users (2024)
- 36.8%
- Mobile subscriptions (2022)
- 112.1/100
- Broadband (2022)
- 0.8/100
- Secure servers (2024)
- 21/1M
Broadband connectivity
- Broadband per 100 (2022)
- 0.8
Geography and practical
- Area
- 1,240,192 km²
- Continent
- Africa
- Region
- Africa
- Subregion
- Western Africa
- Landlocked
- Yes
- Driving side
- Right
- Timezones
- UTC
- Calling codes
- +223
- TLD
- .ml
- Maps
- Google Maps · OpenStreetMap
National symbols
- Flag
- The flag of Mali is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, yellow and red.
- National anthem
- Pour l'Afrique et pour toi
- National holiday
- Mali Independence Day