Key demographics
- Population
- 135.5M
- Density
- 116.5/km²
- HDI
- 0.492 (Low)
- Gini index (2015)
- 35.0
- Life expectancy (2024)
- 67.6 yrs
- Fertility rate (2024)
- 3.91
- Urban population (2025)
- 24.1%
- Literacy rate (2022)
- 60.5%
- Labor force (2025)
- 69.9%
- Gender wage gap (2021)
- 21.1%
Population structure
- Dependency ratio
- 72.7%
- Profile
- Very Young
- Urban population (2025)
- 24.1%
- Birth rate (2024)
- 31.5 /1000
- Death rate (2024)
- 5.9 /1000
- Largest city (2025)
- 18.2%
- Fertility rate (2024)
- 3.91
- Infant mortality (2024)
- 34.5 /1000
- Slum population (2022)
- 64.3%
- Tourism (2020)
- 518.0K
Languages and culture
| Language | Native name |
|---|---|
| Amharic | አማáˆáŠ› |
| Religion | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Christianity | 67.3% |
| Islam | 31.3% |
| Traditional faiths | 0.6% |
| Others | 0.8% |
| Ethnicity | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Oromo | 32.5% |
| Amhara | 23.9% |
| Somali | 12.2% |
| Tigrayan | 6.1% |
| Sidama | 4.0% |
| Gurage | 2.5% |
| Welayta | 2.3% |
| Hadiya | 1.7% |
| Afar | 1.7% |
| Gamo | 1.5% |
| Others | 12.6% |
- Demonym (male)
- Ethiopian
- Demonym (female)
- Ethiopian
- National anthem
- March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia
Healthcare
- Life expectancy (2024)
- 67.6 yrs
- HALE (2021)
- 58.8 yrs
- Health spending (2023)
- 2.8% of GDP
- Infant mortality (2024)
- 34.5/1000
- UHC index (2023)
- 33/100
- Hospital beds (2016)
- 0.3/1000
- Physicians (2023)
- 0.14/1000
- Nurses (2022)
- 1.22/1000
- Health spending per capita (2023)
- $35
- Out-of-pocket (2023)
- 46.3%
Education and technology
- Literacy rate (2022)
- 60.5%
- Education spending (2024)
- 2.3% of GDP
- Learning outcomes (2020)
- 348
- Internet users (2024)
- 21.9%
- Mobile subscriptions (2024)
- 65.1/100
- Broadband (2024)
- 0.6/100
- Secure servers (2024)
- 24/1M
Broadband connectivity
- Broadband per 100 (2024)
- 0.6
Geography and practical
- Area
- 1,104,300 km²
- Continent
- Africa
- Region
- Africa
- Subregion
- Eastern Africa
- Landlocked
- Yes
- Driving side
- Right
- Timezones
- UTC+03:00
- Calling codes
- +251
- Postal code
- ####
- TLD
- .et
- Maps
- Google Maps · OpenStreetMap
National symbols
- Flag
- The flag of Ethiopia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green, yellow and red, with the national emblem superimposed at the center of the field. The national emblem comprises a light blue circle bearing a golden-yellow pentagram with single yellow rays emanating from the angles between the points of the pentagram.
- National anthem
- March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia