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EE

Estonia

Northern Europe EU Schengen EUR

EE · EST · #129 · 5 cities

Nomad score 65/100 Compare

Key indicators

GDP per capita (PPP) (2031)
$72,648
GDP (2031)
$65.2B
GDP growth (2031)
1.7% →
Inflation (2031)
2.3% →
Unemployment (2031)
6.2% ↓
Population (2031)
1.4M
Population growth (2031)
0.0% ↑
Gini index (2023)
30.7
Government debt (2031)
41.2% of GDP
Current account (2031)
-1.4% of GDP
FDI inflows (2025)
-$838.2M
Life expectancy (2024)
79.3 yrs
Health spending (2024)
7.8% of GDP
Internet users (2024)
92.2%
Mobile subscriptions (2024)
151.1/100
Trade openness (2025)
155.8% of GDP
Exchange rate (2025)
0.89/USD
Foreign reserves (2025)
$2.4B
Source: World Bank + IMF World Economic Outlook. Most recent data: 2031.

GDP overview

Nominal GDP and real growth. Dashed = IMF forecast.

GDP per capita (PPP)

Purchasing power parity adjusted, in international dollars

Inflation (CPI)

Unemployment

ILO modeled estimate

Population

Fiscal and trade

Government debt (2031)
41.2% of GDP
Current account (2031)
-1.4% of GDP
FDI inflows (2025)
-$838.2M

Income inequality (Gini)

Gini index (2023)
0.31
Assessment
Moderate inequality
Source: World Bank PIP via OWID. 0 = perfect equality, 1 = maximum inequality.

Business environment

New business density (2024)
26.76/1k
Tax revenue (2024)
22.7% of GDP
Services sector (2025)
65.8% of GDP

Financial access and costs

ATMs per 100k (2024)
57.2
Bank branches per 100k (2024)
6.2
ICT service exports (2025)
25.0%
Goods and services tax (2024)
16.0%

Historical data

Historical economic data
Year GDP GDP/cap PPP Growth Inflation Unemp. Population Gini Debt Curr. acct FDI Life exp. Health Internet FX rate
2031 * $65.2B $72,648 1.7% 2.3% 6.2% 1.4M - 41.2% -1.4% - - - - -
2030 * $62.4B $71,460 1.7% 2.3% 6.3% 1.4M - 39.0% -1.4% - - - - -
2029 * $59.8B $68,312 2.1% 2.3% 6.5% 1.4M - 36.6% -1.6% - - - - -
2028 * $57.1B $65,212 2.3% 2.8% 6.7% 1.4M - 34.2% -1.9% - - - - -
2027 * $54.2B $62,230 1.9% 3.0% 7.0% 1.4M - 31.3% -2.0% - - - - -
2026 * $51.6B $59,146 1.4% 3.8% 7.3% 1.4M - 27.8% -1.1% - - - - -
2025 $47.0B $52,106 0.6% 4.8% 7.4% 1.4M - 24.2% -0.2% -$838.2M - - - 0.89
2024 $43.1B $50,396 -0.1% 3.7% 7.5% 1.4M - 23.5% -1.2% -$3.4B 79.3 7.8% 92.2% 0.92
2023 $41.5B $48,848 -2.7% 9.1% 6.4% 1.4M 30.7 20.2% -1.2% $5.2B 78.8 7.5% 93.2% 0.92
2022 $38.3B $48,030 -1.2% 19.4% 5.6% 1.3M 32.3 19.2% -3.1% $1.7B 77.8 6.9% 91.5% 0.95
2021 $37.2B $44,247 8.3% 4.5% 6.2% 1.3M 31.8 18.4% -3.7% $7.5B 76.9 7.5% 91.0% 0.85
2020 $31.8B $40,672 -2.9% -0.6% 6.8% 1.3M 30.7 19.1% -2.5% $3.8B 78.6 7.5% 89.1% 0.88
2019 $31.9B $40,586 3.7% 2.3% 4.4% 1.3M 30.8 9.0% 2.0% $3.1B 78.7 6.7% 90.2% 0.89
2018 $31.2B $37,121 3.7% 3.4% 5.4% 1.3M 30.3 8.5% 0.6% $1.3B 78.2 6.6% 89.4% 0.85
2017 $27.5B $34,507 5.6% 3.7% 5.8% 1.3M 30.4 9.4% 1.7% $1.7B 78.1 6.5% 88.1% 0.89
2016 $24.6B $31,948 3.1% 0.8% 6.8% 1.3M 31.2 10.2% 1.0% $925.8M 77.6 6.6% 87.2% 0.90
2015 $23.3B $29,713 1.8% 0.1% 6.2% 1.3M 32.7 10.8% 1.5% -$715.5M 77.6 6.5% 88.4% 0.90
2014 $27.1B $29,404 3.3% 0.5% 7.4% 1.3M 34.6 11.6% 0.6% $1.8B 77.0 6.3% 84.2% 0.75
2013 $25.5B $27,831 1.8% 3.2% 8.6% 1.3M 35.1 11.4% -0.1% $1.1B 77.1 6.2% 80.0% 0.75
2012 $23.3B $26,243 3.7% 4.2% 10.0% 1.3M 32.9 11.1% -1.9% $1.8B 76.3 6.0% 78.4% 0.78
2011 $23.3B $24,652 7.6% 5.1% 12.3% 1.3M 32.5 7.6% 1.3% $1.1B 76.2 6.1% 76.5% 0.72
2010 $19.6B $21,614 2.4% 2.7% 16.7% 1.3M 32.0 8.0% 1.8% $2.6B 75.4 6.6% 74.1% 11.81
2009 $19.7B $20,489 -14.6% 0.2% 13.5% 1.3M 31.4 8.0% 2.6% $1.9B 74.8 6.8% 72.5% 11.26
2008 $24.4B $22,804 -5.1% 10.6% 5.5% 1.3M 31.9 4.7% -8.7% $2.0B 73.8 6.0% 70.6% 10.69
2007 $22.5B $22,201 7.6% 6.7% 4.6% 1.3M 31.2 3.9% -14.9% $3.0B 72.8 5.2% 66.2% 11.43
2006 $17.0B $19,344 9.8% 4.4% 5.9% 1.3M 33.7 4.7% -14.9% $1.8B 72.7 5.0% 63.5% 12.47
2005 $14.1B $16,638 9.5% 4.1% 8.0% 1.4M 33.4 4.7% -8.7% $3.1B 72.6 5.3% 61.5% 12.58
Source: World Bank + IMF World Economic Outlook. * = IMF forecast.

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