🇷🇴 Romania Demographics - Population, Culture & Society

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🇷🇴 Romania RO / ROU #81

Nomad Score 68.0

Cities 19

Region European Union, Danube Region, Digital Nomad Hubs, Remote Work Friendly Countries, Coworking Hotspots, Nomad Visa Countries, Affordable Nomad Destinations, Black Sea Region, Europe, Europe, Southeast Europe

Currency RON

📊 KEY DEMOGRAPHICS

Population 19.0M

Density 79.9/km²

HDI 0.845 (Very High)

Gini Index (2018) 35.8

Life Expectancy (2023) 76.6 yrs

Fertility Rate (2023) 1.71

Urban Population (2024) 52.2%

Literacy Rate (2021) 99.2%

Labor Force (2025) 66.9%

Gender Wage Gap (2021) 1.3%

Sources: REST Countries v4, World Bank, OWID

🗣 LANGUAGES & CULTURE

Languages

Language	Native Name
Romanian	Română

Religions

Religion	Percentage
Christianity	84.7%
No religion	0.8%
Other	0.4%
Unanswered	13.9%

Ethnicities

Ethnicity	Percentage
Romanians	89.3%
Hungarians	6.0%
Roma	3.4%
Others	1.2%

Demonym (male) Romanian

Demonym (female) Romanian

National Anthem Deșteaptă-te, române!

📈 POPULATION STRUCTURE

Age Group	Distribution	Share
0-14 Youth		15.7%
15-64 Working		64.3%
65+ Elderly		20.0%

Dependency Ratio 55.5%

Profile Mature

Urban Pop. (2024) 52.2%

Birth Rate (2023) 8.0 /1000

Death Rate (2023) 12.7 /1000

Largest City (2025) 17.8%

Fertility Rate (2023) 1.71

Infant Mortality (2023) 5.4 /1000

Slum Pop. (2022) 2.5%

Tourism (2020) 5.0M

Source: World Bank

🏥 HEALTHCARE

Life Expectancy (2023) 76.6 yrs

HALE (2021) 63.9 yrs

Health Spending (2023) 5.7% of GDP

Infant Mortality (2023) 5.4/1000

UHC Index (2021) 78/100

Hospital Beds (2022) 7.2/1000

Physicians (2022) 3.63/1000

Nurses (2022) 8.25/1000

Health Spending/cap (2023) $1,051

Out-of-Pocket (2023) 23.0%

Source: World Bank, WHO

🎓 EDUCATION & TECHNOLOGY

Literacy Rate (2021) 99.2%

Education Spending (2022) 3.3% of GDP

Learning Outcomes (2020) 442

Internet Users (2024) 91.3%

Mobile Subscriptions (2023) 123.3/100

Broadband (2023) 34.7/100

Secure Servers (2024) 27,230/1M

Source: World Bank, OWID

🌐 BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY

Broadband per 100 (2023) 34.7

Source: ITU / World Bank via OWID. Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people.

🌍 GEOGRAPHY & PRACTICAL

Area 238,391 km²

Capital Bucharest 📍

Continent Europe

Region Europe

Subregion Southeast Europe

Landlocked No

Driving Side Right

Timezones UTC+02:00

Calling Codes +40

Postal Code ######

TLD .ro

Maps Google Maps | OpenStreetMap

Borders 🇧🇬 Bulgaria, 🇭🇺 Hungary, 🇲🇩 Moldova, 🇷🇸 Serbia, 🇺🇦 Ukraine

🏅 NATIONAL SYMBOLS

Flag The flag of Romania is composed of three equal vertical bands of navy blue, yellow and red.

National Anthem Deșteaptă-te, române!

🧭 CONTINUE EXPLORING ROMANIA

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