Nomad Watch
RO

Romania

Southeast Europe EU Schengen RON

RO · ROU · #81 · 19 cities

Nomad score 65/100 Compare

Key indicators

GDP per capita (PPP) (2031)
$80,245
GDP (2031)
$648.4B
GDP growth (2031)
3.1% →
Inflation (2031)
2.5% ↓
Unemployment (2031)
5.5% ↓
Population (2031)
18.1M
Population growth (2031)
-0.7% →
Gini index (2023)
29.8
Government debt (2031)
70.4% of GDP
Current account (2031)
-5.0% of GDP
FDI inflows (2025)
$9.4B
Life expectancy (2024)
76.5 yrs
Health spending (2023)
5.7% of GDP
Internet users (2024)
91.3%
Mobile subscriptions (2024)
119.8/100
Trade openness (2025)
76.2% of GDP
Exchange rate (2025)
4.47/USD
Foreign reserves (2025)
$90.6B
Source: World Bank + IMF World Economic Outlook. Most recent data: 2031.

GDP overview

Nominal GDP and real growth. Dashed = IMF forecast.

GDP per capita (PPP)

Purchasing power parity adjusted, in international dollars

Inflation (CPI)

Unemployment

ILO modeled estimate

Population

Fiscal and trade

Government debt (2031)
70.4% of GDP
Current account (2031)
-5.0% of GDP
FDI inflows (2025)
$9.4B

Income inequality (Gini)

Gini index (2023)
0.30
Assessment
Low inequality
Source: World Bank PIP via OWID. 0 = perfect equality, 1 = maximum inequality.

Business environment

New business density (2024)
7.47/1k
Tax revenue (2024)
16.2% of GDP
Services sector (2025)
61.7% of GDP

Financial access and costs

ATMs per 100k (2024)
63.7
Bank branches per 100k (2024)
20.8
ICT service exports (2025)
26.0%
Goods and services tax (2024)
12.0%

Historical data

Historical economic data
Year GDP GDP/cap PPP Growth Inflation Unemp. Population Gini Debt Curr. acct FDI Life exp. Health Internet FX rate
2031 * $648.4B $80,245 3.1% 2.5% 5.5% 18.1M - 70.4% -5.0% - - - - -
2030 * $613.8B $68,555 3.1% 2.8% 5.6% 18.2M - 68.8% -5.1% - - - - -
2029 * $579.2B $64,791 2.9% 3.0% 5.7% 18.3M - 67.3% -5.4% - - - - -
2028 * $547.0B $61,307 2.7% 4.3% 5.8% 18.5M - 65.3% -5.6% - - - - -
2027 * $511.3B $59,247 2.5% 3.9% 5.9% 18.6M - 63.9% -6.2% - - - - -
2026 * $480.8B $57,716 0.7% 7.8% 6.0% 18.7M - 61.9% -6.8% - - - - -
2025 $427.9B $50,895 0.7% 7.3% 6.1% 18.8M - 60.6% -8.0% $9.4B - - - 4.47
2024 $382.7B $49,077 0.9% 5.6% 5.4% 18.9M - 57.5% -8.2% $7.2B 76.5 - 91.3% 4.60
2023 $347.8B $45,982 2.3% 10.4% 5.6% 19.1M 29.8 52.6% -6.7% $8.7B 76.4 5.7% 89.2% 4.57
2022 $295.9B $41,979 4.2% 13.8% 5.6% 19.0M 32.3 51.9% -9.6% $11.5B 75.2 5.8% 85.5% 4.69
2021 $285.3B $37,534 5.6% 5.0% 5.6% 19.2M 33.9 51.8% -7.2% $11.8B 72.8 6.5% 83.6% 4.16
2020 $251.0B $34,194 -3.6% 2.6% 6.1% 19.3M 34.6 49.5% -5.1% $3.6B 74.3 6.2% 78.5% 4.24
2019 $250.1B $33,425 4.0% 3.8% 4.9% 19.4M 34.8 36.8% -4.9% $7.4B 75.6 5.7% 73.7% 4.24
2018 $242.0B $29,383 5.4% 4.6% 5.3% 19.5M 35.8 36.4% -4.6% $7.3B 75.4 5.5% 70.7% 3.94
2017 $210.5B $26,943 8.2% 1.3% 6.1% 19.6M 36.0 37.1% -3.2% $6.0B 75.2 5.2% 63.8% 4.05
2016 $185.3B $23,905 2.9% -1.6% 7.2% 19.8M 34.4 39.5% -2.1% $6.3B 75.2 5.1% 59.5% 4.06
2015 $177.9B $21,625 3.2% -0.6% 8.4% 19.9M 35.9 39.4% -0.6% $4.3B 74.9 4.9% 55.8% 4.01
2014 $200.0B $20,633 4.1% 1.1% 8.6% 19.9M 36.0 40.5% -0.3% $3.9B 74.9 5.0% 54.1% 3.35
2013 $189.8B $19,678 0.3% 4.0% 9.0% 20.0M 36.9 39.3% -1.1% $3.9B 75.1 5.2% 49.8% 3.33
2012 $179.2B $19,807 1.9% 3.3% 8.7% 20.1M 36.5 36.2% -4.6% $3.0B 74.4 4.5% 45.9% 3.47
2011 $192.8B $18,804 4.5% 5.8% 9.1% 20.2M 35.9 32.6% -4.7% $2.4B 74.4 4.5% 40.0% 3.05
2010 $170.3B $17,355 -3.9% 6.1% 9.0% 20.3M 35.5 30.2% -5.1% $3.2B 73.5 5.6% 39.9% 3.18
2009 $174.6B $16,641 -5.5% 5.6% 8.4% 20.4M 35.6 22.5% -4.6% $4.6B 73.3 5.3% 36.6% 3.05
2008 $215.6B $16,782 9.3% 7.8% 5.6% 20.6M 36.4 13.0% -11.5% $13.7B 72.6 5.0% 32.4% 2.52
2007 $174.8B $13,703 7.2% 4.8% 6.3% 21.1M 37.5 12.4% -13.6% $10.1B 72.6 5.0% 28.3% 2.44
2006 $122.1B $11,554 8.0% 6.6% 7.2% 21.3M 39.6 12.7% -10.5% $11.0B 72.2 5.1% 24.7% 2.81
2005 $98.5B $9,602 4.7% 9.0% 7.1% 21.4M 29.8 17.8% -8.7% $6.5B 71.9 5.5% 21.5% 2.91
Source: World Bank + IMF World Economic Outlook. * = IMF forecast.

Continue exploring Romania