Simplified naturalization for ethnic Hungarians and descendants of Hungarian citizens, including those from historical Hungarian territories lost after the Treaty of Trianon (1920): Transylvania (Romania), Upper Hungary (Slovakia), Vojvodina (Serbia), Sub-Carpathia (Ukraine), Burgenland (Austria), and others. Requires conversational Hungarian language proficiency (roughly A2-B1 level, assessed via interview). No residency requirement — can apply from anywhere in the world.
The language interview is the main practical barrier. Applicants must hold a basic conversation in Hungarian, answer questions about themselves and their family, and demonstrate they can understand and respond in short sentences. There is no formal written exam. The interview is conducted at the Hungarian consulate or in Hungary. Historically very popular: over 1 million applications since 2011, primarily from Romania (Transylvania), Serbia (Vojvodina), Slovakia, and Ukraine. Ancestor must descend from someone who was a Hungarian citizen — Kingdom of Hungary before 1920 or Hungary proper. The process is free of charge and among the fastest EU citizenship programs. No residency requirement at all.
- White Card (digital nomad visa)
- Hungary Guest Investor Programme (golden visa)