Key demographics
- Population
- 1.8M
- Density
- 28.8/km²
- HDI
- 0.889 (Very High)
- Gini index (2018)
- 35.1
- Life expectancy (2024)
- 76.4 yrs
- Fertility rate (2024)
- 1.24
- Urban population (2025)
- 68.6%
- Literacy rate (2011)
- 99.9%
- Labor force (2025)
- 76.6%
Population structure
- Dependency ratio
- 59.7%
- Profile
- Aging
- Urban population (2025)
- 68.6%
- Birth rate (2024)
- 6.9 /1000
- Death rate (2024)
- 14.3 /1000
- Largest city (2025)
- 48.6%
- Fertility rate (2024)
- 1.24
- Infant mortality (2024)
- 2.2 /1000
- Slum population (2022)
- 0.6%
- Tourism (2020)
- 3.2M
Languages and culture
| Language | Native name |
|---|---|
| Latvian | latviešu valoda |
| Religion | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Christianity | 64.0% |
| No religion | 35.0% |
| Others | 1.0% |
| Ethnicity | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Latvians | 65.5% |
| Russians | 24.1% |
| Belarusians | 2.9% |
| Ukrainians | 2.9% |
| Poles | 1.9% |
| Lithuanians | 1.1% |
| Others | 1.6% |
- Demonym (male)
- Latvian
- Demonym (female)
- Latvian
- National anthem
- Dievs, svētī Latviju!
Healthcare
- Life expectancy (2024)
- 76.4 yrs
- HALE (2021)
- 63.8 yrs
- Health spending (2023)
- 7.3% of GDP
- Infant mortality (2024)
- 2.2/1000
- UHC index (2023)
- 77/100
- Hospital beds (2023)
- 5.0/1000
- Physicians (2022)
- 3.40/1000
- Nurses (2022)
- 4.37/1000
- Health spending per capita (2023)
- $1,645
- Out-of-pocket (2023)
- 35.1%
Education and technology
- Literacy rate (2011)
- 99.9%
- Education spending (2022)
- 4.3% of GDP
- Learning outcomes (2020)
- 504
- Internet users (2024)
- 92.7%
- Mobile subscriptions (2024)
- 121.3/100
- Broadband (2024)
- 25.8/100
- Secure servers (2024)
- 28,218/1M
Broadband connectivity
- Broadband per 100 (2024)
- 25.8
Geography and practical
- Area
- 64,559 km²
- Continent
- Europe
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Northern Europe
- Landlocked
- No
- Driving side
- Right
- Timezones
- UTC+02:00
- Calling codes
- +371
- Postal code
- LV-####
- TLD
- .lv
- Maps
- Google Maps · OpenStreetMap
Borders
National symbols
- Flag
- The flag of Latvia has a carmine-red field with a thin white horizontal band across the middle of the field.
- National anthem
- Dievs, svētī Latviju!